Concept of policy

Introduction:

The lives of the citizens everywhere are formed by public policies, whether we are aware of them or not. The dream for improved life while its achievement rest on our own efforts, will probable to contain public policies to aid the result of it. Public policy is a subject or field of inquiry has a long past, though the current public policy analysis have a specific American and 20th century fragrance. The public policy seeds were sown in 1940s and made a significant influence on the government and academic organizations over these years. In the early1950s public policy has developed as academic search and from then it has been securing new measurements and is stressed tough to attain the position of a discipline in the area of Social science. As a study of „products‟ of government, policy forms a significant component in many a course and academic  programme  in various disciplines like political science, public administration, economics and business management.

Meaning of Policy:

The meaning of the term „policy‟ is varying like other concept of social science. Unluckily, the policy itself is somewhat which take diverse procedures. David Easton defined policy as the „output‟ of the political system, and „public policy‟ as „the authoritative allocation of values for the whole society‟. The measures of this alteration in the methods of the accepted from other definitions progress by the scholars in this field. Henry defines public policy as, “A script (cpirse pf actopm) adopted and pursued by the government”. Anderson stated, that policy be observed as “Purposive course of action followed by an actor or set of actors in dealing with a problem or matter of concern”. According to Sir, Geoffrey Vickers, policies are judgments giving way, unity and steadiness to the course of act for which the decision making body is accountable. Friedrich look policy as, …a proposed course of action of a person, group, or government within a given environment providing obstacles and opportunities with the policy was proposed to utilized and overcome in an effort to reach a goal or realize an objective or purpose. According to Parsons, who stated about it as, “A policy is an attempt to define and structure a rational basis for action or inaction”. In present terminology a policy is broadly defined as a course of action or plan, a set of political purposes. It might well be sufficiently defined “policy” as a purposive development of act taken or accepted by those in power in chase of convinced goals or objectives. It must be added here that public policies are the policies accepted and executed by government bodies and officials. They are framed by what Easton appeals the „authorities‟ in a political system. Namely, “elders, paramount chiefs, executives, legislators, judges, administrators, councilors, monarchs, and the like”. He stated as, these are the persons who “engage in the daily affairs of a political system”, are “recognized by most members of the system as having the responsibility for these matters” and take action that are “accepted and binding most of the time by most of the members so long as their act within the limit of their roles”.